課程內容
《Astronomy: the science of the stars》
課標導學落實
1.重要單詞聚焦
1.system n.系統，體系，制度
2.theory n.學說，理論
3.billion pron. n.&adj.(英）萬億，（美）十億
4.violent adj.猛烈的，激烈的，強暴的
5.atmosphere n.大氣層，氣氛
6.unlike prep .不同，不像
7.harmful adj.有害的
8.multiply vi&vt 乘，增加
9.exist vi.存在，生存
10.thus adv.因此，于是
11.puzzle n.謎，難題 vt.&vi (使）迷惑，（使）為難
12.gravity n.萬有引力，重力
13.gentle adj.溫和的，文雅的
14.climate n.氣候
15.physicist n.物理學家
16.crash vi&vt 碰撞，墜落
17.pull n. &vt 拉（力），拖，牽引力
18.mass n.質量，團，塊，大量，（復）群眾
Ⅱ重點短語掃描
1.prevent...from... 阻止...
2.lay eggs 下蛋
3.in one's turn 輪到某人，接著
4.get the hang of 熟悉，掌握，理解
5.watch out 密切注視，當心，提防
6.depend on 依靠
7.in time 及時，終于
8.give birth to 產生，分娩
9.cheer up 感到高興，感到振奮
10.now that 既然
11.break out 突發，爆發
Ⅲ課文原句突破
1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5and 3.8million years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
【信息提取】
what it was to become 是指what 引導的主語從句
what 在從句中作 become 的賓語
【例句仿寫】使大家驚奇的是他竟沒有參加會議。
What surprised everybody is that he didn't come to the meeting.
2.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
【信息提取】whether...(or not)引導的從句還可充當賓語、表語、同位語等。
【例句仿寫】
他是否能成功地通過駕駛考試還不確定。
It is uncertain whether he'll succeed in passing the dirving test or not.
All people,(B)they are old young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
A even if B whether C no matter D however
句意為：自這次災難以來，所有的人，不管他們是年老的還是年輕的，富有的還有貧窮的，都在盡自己最大的努力去幫助那些需要幫助的人
whether...or... 無論是...還是...，不管是...還是...
This painting is splendid,but(C) we actually need it is a different matter.
A that B what C whether D how
這幅畫雖美，但我們是否真的需要它是另一回事。
3.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.
【信息提取】which引導非限制性定語從句，指代主句整個概念，也可代指單個先行詞。
【例句仿寫】杰克開車太快，這是危險的。
Jack drove too fast,which was dangerous.
4.We watched amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased.
【信息提取】amazed 是adj.化的p..p....在此處作狀語用。
【例句仿寫】他他躺在床上，醒著。
He lay in the bed,awake.
詞語細解
1.atmosphere n.大氣，空氣，環境，氣氛
Everyone could feel the tense atmosphere.
He is fond of the atmosphere of peace and calm.
他喜歡和平寧靜的氣氛。
Ever since their quarrel,there has been an unpleasant atmosphere in the office.
自從他們發生口角以來，辦公室里總有一種不愉快的氣氛。
The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly(A).
A atmosphere B stare C situation D phenomenon
句意：兩國高層領導人之間的會談在友好的氣氛中舉行。
atmosphere 氣氛 stare 狀態 situation 處境 phenomenon現象
2.mass n.[C]塊，團，堆
Before the rain ,the sky was a mass of clouds.
下雨前，天空有一團云。
A mass of letters came from all over the country.
一大堆信件建來自全國各地。
（pl.)群眾，集團
from the masses to the masses
從群眾中來，到群眾中去
The masses have boundless creative power.
人們群眾有無限的創造力。
a mass of/masses of+n([U]/pl)大量的，許多的
She has a mass of things to do.
她有一堆的事情要做。
in a mass 大量地，大批地
Sports fans came to the stadium in a mass.
大批的運動愛好者來到了體育館。
The young dangers looked so beautiful in their new clothes that we took (B)pictures of them.
A many of B masses of C the number of D a large amount of
題意：這些年輕的舞蹈演員穿著漂亮的衣服，顯得那么迷人，我們拍了她們的許多照片。
many of_n.(pl.)許多，且名詞前要有these,those ,the ,their等限定詞‘masses of+n.[U/C]組多，大量的 the number of 意為“...的數量”，表“許多，大量的”之意時，要用a number of ,a large amount of +n.[U] 許多，大量的
3.in time 及時，終于，總有一天
You will succeed in time because you are always working hard.
你遲早會成功，因為你一直在努力工作。
The doctor came in time to save her life.
醫生及時趕到救了她的命。
on time 準時，按時
in no time 立即，馬上
at a time 一次，每次
at one time 曾經，一度
at times 有時
ahead of time 提前
take one's time 別著急，慢慢來
Don't recite all together,one at a time.
不要一起背誦，一次一個。
He ordered us to finish our task ahead of time.
他命令我們提前完成任務。
(C),I lost heart in English learning ,but my teacher often said to me,"Keep on studying hard and you'll succeed( ).
A At a time,in time B At a time ,on time C At one time;in time D At one time;on time
句意為：曾一度，我對英語學習失去信心，但我老師常對我說：“堅持不懈的努力，最終會鑄就你的成功。”
-Does he often ask you for help?
-Oh,no,only(D).
A all the time B at one time C at a time D at times
all the time 一直 at one time 曾經 at a time 一次 at times 有時
-I am afraid I can't return the book to you before Friday.
-(D).
A Don't be afraid B Be careful C Not at all D Take your time
句意：恐怕我不能在星期五之前把這本書還給你了。“慢慢來，不著急”
Don't be afraid 別害怕 Be careful 小心，當心 Not at all 一點也不 Take your time 不用急，慢慢來
4.in one's turn 輪到某人，接著
They all spoke at the meeting ,each in his turn.
他們每個人都在會上輪流發言了。
in turn 依次；輪流，反之，反過來
by turns 輪流；交替地
take turns to do sth 輪流做某事
it is one's turn to do sth 輪到某人做某事
She asked the same question of everyone in turn.
她依次向每一個人問同樣的問題。
The shop assistants had their days off by turns.
店員輪流休息。
It is your turn to read the text.該輪到你讀課文了。
The children were taking turns on the slides.孩子們輪流滑滑梯。
People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this (D) creates further problems.
A in short B in case C in doubt D in turn
in short 總之，簡言之
in case 假使，免得，以防萬一
in doubt 感到懷疑，被懷疑的
in turn 反過來，依次，輪流
5.prevent...from.. 防止某事發生
=stop...from (from 可省略，但在被動態中不省）
=keep...from... (from在任何情況下都不省略）
protect...from... 保護...不受...侵襲（from 后接能帶來傷害或損害之物）
No one can prevent this plan from being carried out.
誰也不能阻止這個計劃的實施。
We must prevent/stop these children (from) playing football in the atreet.
我們必須阻止孩子們在大街上踢球。
His advice kept me from making a serious mistake.
他的忠告使我免于犯嚴重的錯誤。
He put on his sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴上太陽鏡保護眼睛不受強光的傷害。
All possible means(D).However,nothing can ( )him dying of lung cancer.
A has tired;stop B have tried;keep C has been tried;prevent D have been tired;stop
前一句的主語時all possible means,means用all修飾，看做是復數，后面的謂語動詞要用復數形式并且用被動語態，后一句是“阻止某人做某事”，him后省略了from.
6.cheer up 感到高興，感到振奮
The news cheered (up)everybody who heard it.
這個消息使每一個聽到的人感到高興。
The support of the fans cheered up the losing team.
粉絲們的支持使看來要輸的隊振奮起來。
-Cheer up,Mandy!打起精神來，曼迪！
-Oh,I'm all right,really.奧，我很好，真的沒事。
The crowed cheered up when they saw the teams arrive.
觀眾看到球隊進場后歡聲雷動。
Our football team will compete against the Japanese team this evening.Let's go and(A),shall we?
A cheer them up B join them up C add them up D pick them up
為他們加油用cheer them up
答案：A
課文面對面
1.Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.
既然重力改變了，走路也確實需要練一練了。
now that “由于，既然”，引導原因狀語從句，有時that可以省略。
Now that I have nothing to do,I can enjoy music for a little while.
既然我無事可做，我可以享受一會兒音樂了。
Now you have grown up,you can make up your mind by yourself.
你已經長大了，可以自己作決定了。
because 語氣最強，一般指事情發生的直接原因，回答提問時，一般放在主句之后。
He was absent from the meeting because he was ill.
他沒參加會議是因為他病了。
since 語氣較弱，指雙方都明確的原因或眾所周知的原因，側重主句，從句表示顯然的或已知的理由。
Since you can't answer the question.I'll ask him.
既然你回答不出這個問題，我就問他了。
as 語氣比because 弱，所引導的從句表示的是顯而易見的原因和理由，從句一般放在主句前。
As there was no answer,we wrote him again.
鑒于他沒有回復，我們又給他寫了封信。
for是并列連詞，表示推斷的原因，或對前一分句補充說明理由。for這一用法需放在兩句之間。
It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
昨晚肯定下雨了，因為地面是濕的。
-Did you return Fred's call?
-I didn't need to(D) I'll see him tomorrow.
A though B unless C when D because
句意為:你給Fred回電話了嗎？“我沒必要回，因為明天我要去見他。”
though 雖然 unless 除非 when 當...時 because 因為
2.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
地球變得如此狂躁不安，因此搞不清楚這種形狀是否會持續下去。
last vi.持續，耐久
The speech lasted an hour.
演講持續了一小時。
How many days will our food last?
我們的食物可以維持幾天？
The patient isn't expected to last the night.
沒有人認為那病人會熬得過晚上。
The performance (D)nearly three hours,but few people left the theatre early.
A covered B reached C played D lasted
句意：這次演出持續了近三個小時，但是很少有人提前離開劇院。、
last 持續，繼續 cover 覆蓋，包括，涉及，足以支付 reach 到達，夠得著 play玩，扮演
3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
而當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因為我摔倒了。
倍數表達式：
...time as...as... 是...的幾倍
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亞洲的大小是歐洲的4倍。
The big ball id four times as heavy as the small one.
這個打球是這個小球的四倍重。
times +形容詞/副詞比較級+than
This building is four times higher than the old one.
這座樓比舊樓高4倍。
...times+the size/height/length/width/depth+of..
This ball is twice the size of that one.
這個球的大小是那個球的兩倍。
...time+what從句
The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.
現在的產量是10年前的3倍。
According to statistics,a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer(D) a woman.
A than B such C so D as
閱讀題干可知此題考查倍數公式的同級比較句型，其構成應為：倍數詞+as+形容詞、副詞原級+as+另一比較對象，所以此空應填as.
Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's,but it cost(B)his.
A as much twice as B twice as much as C much as twice as D as twice much as
句意：彼得的夾克衫看上去與杰克的相同，但價格卻是他的兩倍。表達倍數用“倍數詞+as+adj.+as"結構。
Ten years ago the population of our village was(B)that of theirs.
A ads twice large as B twice as large as C twice as much as D as twice much as
句意：十年前我們村的人口是他們村的10倍。
Some parts in South China have experienced(A) this year as they did last year.
A twice as much rain B rain twice as much C as twice much rain D twice rain as much
考查倍數表達法”倍數+as many/much+n.+as..."因倍數詞為前位限定詞，排除B、C兩項，而D項不和句型結構
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朱老師
男，中教高級職稱
高三英語中心組成員，市名師。其教學風格輕松、幽默，教育教學成績優異，所帶高考班英語成績遙遙領先。
