課程內容
Unit 1《Past and present》Grammar
Grammar
Present perfect tense
1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
I have lived here since I was born.
2. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
Eddie has just eaten Hobo's food.
(Eddie ate the food, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.)
3. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now.
I have already read this book many times.
We can use these time expressions with the present perfect tense.
already yet ever
never just recently
since for
We make positive statements in the Present Perfect tense like this:
I/You/We/They have + arrived.
He/She/It has + arrived.
We make negative statements in the Present Perfect tense like this:
I/You/We/They have not + arrived.
He/She/It has not + arrived.
have not = haven't
has not = hasn't
Have I/you/we/they + arrived?
Has he/she/it + arrived?
Yes, I/you/we/they have.
he/she/it has.
No, I/you/we/they haven't.
he/she/it hasn't.
We form the past participles of regular verbs by adding -ed, just as what we do to form the simple past tense of these verbs.
| Most verbs | +ed | finish→finished |
| Verbs ending in -e | +d | change→changed |
| Verbs ending in a consonant +y | -y+ied | carry→carried |
| Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant | double the consonant +ed | stop→stopped |
We form the past participles of irregular verbs differently. Here are some examples.
| No change | come→come hurt→hurt |
| Change the vowel | hold→held win→won |
| Change the consonant | lend→lent build→built |
| Change the vowel(s) and the consonant(s) | catch→caught keep→kept forget→forgotten tell→told |
| Others | be→been have→had fall→fallen fly→flown draw→drawn see→seen |
A short test
A: Mr Wu wants the students to practise using the present perfect tense. Help them write the past participles of the verbs below.
1. borrow ________ 5. plan ________ 9. say ________
2. hope ________ 6. cry ________ 10. grow ________
3. make ________ 7. send ________ 11. hit ________
4. get ________ 8. watch ________ 12. enjoy ________
B: Mr Wu asks the students to complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense. Help them complete the sentences.
1. They ______(finish) their homework already.
2. John ______ never ______(visit) China.
3. Mr Li ______(repair) over the bicycles since Monday.
4. We ______(not see) each other for years.
5. My parents ______(not come) back yet.
6. Our teacher ______(teach) us a lot about the history of China.
Chat time
C: Millie and Sandy are talking about a film about the history of Beijing. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Millie: (1)______ you ______(see) any films recently, Sandy?
Sandy: No, I haven't. What about you?
Millie: I (2)____________(see) one last Saturday.
Sandy: What's it about?
Millie: It's about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I (3)____________(learn) more about Beijing's past and present.
Sandy: Oh, I think I (4)____________(hear) about the film. Do you plan to see it again?
Millie: Yes, I'd like to.
現在完成時的時間副詞和時間短語：
1、副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑問句中。
如：We have already finished our homework. 我們已完成作業了。
They haven't finished their homework yet. 他們還沒有完成作業。
2、副詞ever和never。多用于否定句或疑問句中，表示“曾經”或“從未”等。
如：- Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
你曾經去過長城嗎？
- I have never been to the Great Wall.
我從未去過長城。
3、用just表示到說話時為止的時間狀語。
如：I have just seen her, but I don't know where she is now.
我剛看見她，但我不知道她現在在哪。
He has just eaten ten apples.
他剛吃完十個蘋果。
用already, just, yet, ever, never, before（句末）等填空。
I _________(do) my homework already.
He _________(not finished) his homework yet.
_________ you ever _________(be) to Beijing?
We _________ never _________(see) such an exciting match before.
Mother _________ just _________(clean) the house. Please don't come in.
Find out the Present Perfect Tense in Times have changed.
1. I've lived here since I was born.
2. Have you ever moved house?
3. ... we've lived in this area since then.
4. Has the town changed a lot over the years?
5. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.
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李老師
女，中教中級職稱
她外表柔弱而內心剛強。她愛崗敬業，勤勉踏實。她把母親般的溫情獻給了她的學生。她教學能力強，教學效果好。
