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課程內(nèi)容
高中英語《健康的生活 Unit 3 A healthy life(Part 1)》（選修6）

核心單詞
1.stress  v.強(qiáng)調(diào)，用重音讀   n.壓力
stress sth.  強(qiáng)調(diào)某事
be under stress   處于壓力之下
lay/place/put stress on sth. 著重強(qiáng)調(diào)某事
stressful   adj.產(chǎn)生壓力的，緊張的
The teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud.
英語老師強(qiáng)調(diào)了朗讀的重要性。
Stress the second syllable.重讀第二個(gè)音節(jié)。
Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.
壓力通常是患長期慢性疾病的因素。
詞語辨析
stress/pressure/tension  壓力
stress  指承受外來的壓力，也可指由于某原因而引起的心理，生理或情緒上的緊張
pressure  指單位面積上所受的壓力，或指某事物所產(chǎn)生的壓力或影響。
tension  多指關(guān)系不好或其他原因而出現(xiàn)的緊張狀態(tài)，或指某物被過度伸展后呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。
用stress/pressure或tension 的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1)More and more people cannot bear the (stress) of modern life.
2)Don't pull it any more.The great (intension) will break the rope.
3)The patient is complaning of his feeling of (pressure) on his chest.
4)Nobody can work well under (pressure/stress).
2.ban (banned,banned)vt.禁止，取締
Swimming is banned in this lake.
這個(gè)湖里不準(zhǔn)游泳。
They threatened to ban the book.
他們威脅要禁止該書。
n.禁止；禁令[C][(+on/against)]
The police lifted the ban against parking in this street.
警察取笑了不準(zhǔn)在這條街上停車的禁令。
We have put a ban on smoking.
我們已禁止吸煙。
辨析：ban/forbid/prohibit禁止
ban 由于法律或社會(huì)壓力而禁止，有譴責(zé)或不贊成的意味。搭配ban...from sth./doing sth.
forbid  教常用，可是個(gè)人，也可以是國家，政府機(jī)關(guān)作出的規(guī)定和準(zhǔn)則。
搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth.
prohibit 強(qiáng)調(diào)以法律或官方行政手段，或規(guī)章制度的形式加以禁止。
搭配prohibit sb. from sth./doing sth.
Exercises:
1)After the accident,he was (banned) from driving alone.
2)Our school (forbad) us to bring cell phone to school.
3)The law (prohibits) the tobacco from being sold freely.
3.addict  vt.使沉溺，嗜好，使...成癮，熱衷于
addict oneself to    沉溺于，醉心于
become/get/be addicted to (doing)sth.
對(duì)某事/做某事上癮(to是介詞)
孩子們對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)游戲上了癮。
The children are addicted to computer games.
n.上了癮的人，吸毒者
film addict   電影迷
The parents felt helpless when they found their son had (D)love stories for long.
A addicted   B addicted to   C addicted himself    D been addicted to
4.accustom vt.使習(xí)慣于
be/get/become accustomed to  習(xí)慣于，適應(yīng)于
accustom+n./oneself +to 使自己習(xí)慣/適用于
表示“習(xí)慣于...”的短語還有：
be/get/used/adapt oneself/adjust oneself to doing
The boy has (become accustomed to speaking)English in public.
那孩子已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于在公眾面前說英語了。
My eyes soon (grew accustomed to the darkness).
我的眼睛很快適應(yīng)了黑暗。
They had to (accustom themselves to the hot weather).
他們不得不使自己習(xí)慣于炎熱的天氣。
注意：to為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)后跟動(dòng)詞原形，用作介詞后跟名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞
下面的這些短語中的to均為介詞
stick to   堅(jiān)持
lead to  導(dǎo)致，通向
pay a visit to  參觀
sentence sb. to  宣判某人
come to  談到，涉及
see to   處理，負(fù)責(zé)
be up to   總計(jì)
devote...to   致力于
get down to  開始/著手
Accustomed to (A)the steep mountain,he had no difficulty reaching the top.
A climbing    B climb     C having  climbed     D have  climbed
to為介詞后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式，不跟現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式
5.quit(quit,quit,quitting)
①接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，“停止做”
I wish you'd quit complaning.
②辭職，離開
His father quit because of ill health.
He had to quit school because he can't afford the education.
Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people(A) smoking.
A quit    B decline    C depart    D rserve
解析：根據(jù)句意“醫(yī)生們正在研究以便發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)人們戒煙時(shí)，他們身體上將會(huì)發(fā)生什么情況。”
decline 下降
depart 起程
reserve 預(yù)定
只能用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做賓語的動(dòng)詞有：
admit;advise;allow;appreciate;advoid;complete;consider;deny;forbid;fancy(想象）;finish;keep;mention;mind;miss;pardon;permit;prevent;delay;discuss;dislike;enjoy;escape;excuse;explain;imagine;postpone(推遲）;practise;quit;recall(記起）'recommend(推薦);resist(抵抗）;Risk(冒險(xiǎn)）;suggest;tolerate忍受;understand
6.smell v.
①“聞起來”連系動(dòng)詞，后接adj,分詞
The flowers smell sweet.
②聞到，嗅出，常與can,could連用
I can smell something burning.
n.嗅覺，氣味，臭味
Taste and smell are closely connected.
There's a smell of cooking.
-What's that smell coming from the kitchen?
-Hmm,it smells like fresh homemade bread.
7.ashamed adj.感到羞恥的，感到慚愧的（常作表）
be/feel ashamed of(doing)sth./sb./oneself
為做某事/某人/某人自己而感到慚愧
be ashamed to be/to do sth.因難為情而不愿意做....
be ashamed that...    為...而感到慚愧或羞恥
be ashamed for sb.   替某人感到慚愧
I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed (of myself)now.
我昨天表現(xiàn)得不好，現(xiàn)在感到慚愧。
She was ashamed to ask such a simple question.
她不好意思提這么簡(jiǎn)單的問題。
【辨析】
ashamed 做表語，表示（人）感到羞恥，慚愧的
shameful  指事情或行為本身可恥，不道德的。
9.effect   n.結(jié)果，效力，作用；影響（后接on/upon)
I tried to persuade him,but with little effect.
我盡力勸他，但他根本不聽。
An effect presupposes a cause  有果必有因
have an effect/influence/impact on     對(duì)...有影響
put/bring/carry...into effect      付諸實(shí)施
in effect   事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上
take effect   生效，奏效
come into effect   開始實(shí)施，開始生效
This had a great effect upon the future of him.
這對(duì)他的將來影響很大。
The medicine began to take effect.藥力開始生效了。
這個(gè)計(jì)劃沒有取得預(yù)期的效果。
The plan failed to/didn't achieve the desired effect.
10.risk  n.冒險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn) vt.冒...風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；冒...的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
at risk 處于危險(xiǎn)之中
at all risk=at any risk   無論冒什么險(xiǎn)，無論如何
at one's own risk    由自己負(fù)責(zé)，自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
at the risk of doing sth.  冒著...的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
run/take a risk/risks  冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
run the risk of doing sth.   冒著...的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
risk one's life   冒生命危險(xiǎn)
risk doing sth  冒險(xiǎn)做...
If you don't obey me,you should be at your own risk.
你如果不服從我的花，你應(yīng)該自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
They knew they risked being arrested.
他們知道自己冒著被捕的危險(xiǎn)。
He risked (A) his job to see me off.
A Losing   B to risk   C being lost   D Lost