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課程內容

《The Olympic Games》
Learning goals:
1.to review the language and structures in this unit
2.to do some practice as consolidation
Introduction
為了更好的復習本單元的內容，本節(jié)課將從“課文回顧”和“語法練習”兩個方面展開，從而達到鞏固提高的效果。
About the story of reading:
There is a dialogue between Li Yan and Pausanias,who was a Greek write about 2,000 years ago.Our goal is to understand their dialogue and summarize the differences between the ancient and modern Olympic Games.
Differences between the ancient and modern Olympic Game:
Ancient Olympic Games
1.only free citizens of one country could take part
2.slaves and women could not take part
3.Always in the same place
4.Only once every four year
Modern Olympic Game
1.competitors from many countries
2.all adults can take part if they reach the required standard for their event
3.Hosted by different countries
4.Summer and Winter Games:Special and Paralympics
Paraphrase some sentences:
Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.
只有達到他們各自項目統(tǒng)一標準的運動員才會被接受奧運會。
reach:達到，實現
a conclusion/decision/agreement
Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,reaching a record of $57 a barrel
stand for 代表，象征
The American flag stands for freedom and justice.
[觀察】閱讀下列句子，觀察admit在句中的用法。
1.I must admit to being ashamed for what hads happened.
vt.承認，后加(to) doing sth.名詞、代詞或從句
2.I am sure that he will be admitted to University this summer.
3.You won't be admitted to the theatre after the play has started.
4.The theatre admits 1,000 people.
接收，準許進入，容納
5.The law admits of no exceptions.
admit of 容許；有...余地，只用“事”或“物”作主語
Our Greek cities used to compete against each other for the honor of winning.我們希臘各個城市之間曾經為了贏得榮譽而彼此爭斗。
1.used to do sth. 表示過去經常做某事（to 是不定式符號）
He used to smoke.
be used to doing sth；表示習慣于做某事（to 是介詞）
We are used to getting up early.
2.compete with/against   與..競爭
compete for  為...而競爭
competitor  n.比賽者
competition   n.比賽
competitive   adj.
根據括號內所給的提示將下列句子翻譯成英語。
1.這學期我們將有一們古代史課程。（ancient)
We will have a course in ancient history this term.
2.二十位姑娘參加了賽跑。（compete)
Twenty girls competed in the race.
3.這是他們首次參加亞洲杯，但是他們首場比賽的表現令人失望。（take part in)
This is the first time that they have taken part in Asia Cup,but what they did in the first match is disappointing.
4.她在上屆奧運會女子馬拉松（marathon)賽跑中贏得金牌。（medal)
She won the gold medal in the women's marathon at last Olympic Games.
5.字母X代表未知數。（stand for)
The letter"X" stands for and unknown number.
6.當時，破爛婦女是不允許進大學的，因此，瑪麗決定去巴黎學習。（admit)
At that time women were not admitted to universities in Poland,so Mary decided to go to Parirs to study.
7.在2012年時，倫敦將成為第一個三次承辦現代奧運會的城市。（host)
London will become the first city to host the modern Olympic Games three times in 2012.
8.魯迅不僅是一位偉大的作家，而且是一位偉大的思想家。（not only...but also..)
Lu Xun is not only a great writer but also a great thinker.
語法：被動語態(tài)
被動語態(tài)的構成
英語動詞的被動語態(tài)一般由“be的一定形式+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。be 在人稱和數上必須同主語一致。
被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的，be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be后面的過去分詞不變。
那些可用于被動語態(tài)的動詞
1.及物動詞可用于被動語態(tài),因為及物動詞有賓語，把賓語變成主語，句子就變成被動結構：
Someone broke the window.→ The window was broken.
2.不及物動詞若與介詞結合構成成語動詞，此時可接賓語，句子也就有被動結構。
They have broken into house.→ His house has been broken into.
3.非謂語動詞，由于不是謂語，不能改成被動語態(tài)，但可以有被動形式：to be done ;  being done
一般將來時被動語態(tài)用法：
1）一般將來時被動語態(tài)由“shall (will)+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。使用時應注意下面句型由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的方法。
（1）主語+謂語+賓語，例如：
主動：We'll build a new house next year.
(2)主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語（習慣上把間接賓語變?yōu)楸?/font>動語態(tài)的主語）
主動：My mother will give me a shirt.
被動：I will be given a shirt(by my mother).
如果把直接賓語改成主語時，則在間接賓語前加to 或for
主動：My mother will give me a shirt.
被動：A new shirt will be given to me(by my mother).
(3)主語+謂語+賓語+賓補。如果是含有符合賓語的主動句變成被動句時，將其中的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓補不變。例如：
主動：We'll ask him to help you tomorrow.
被動：He will be asked to help you (by us).
表示將來時的結構：will/shall+do
be+going +to do be+doing
be +to do be +about+to do
do → be done
1.We'll build a new house next year
A new house will be built (by us)next year.
2.My mother will give me a present.
I will be given a present (by my mother).
A present will be given to me (by my mother).
3.The mother is going to tell the baby a story
The baby is going to be told a story (by the mother).
A story is going to be told to the baby(by the mother).
4.Kelly is about to sing us a song at the party.
We are about to be sung a song (by Kelly) at the party.
A song is about to be sung for us (by Kelly)at the party.
5.The police is going to have the thief stay in prison.
The thief is going to be had to stay in prison(by the police).
Summary
通過學習本節(jié)課，我們回顧了第二單元的課文大意，復習了其中重點的詞匯與結構，并對“將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)”這個語法項目進行了總結和練習，從而加深了對時態(tài)和語態(tài)關系的認識，希望能達到鞏固提高的效果。
Homework
Review the language points and Grammar in this unit.